France and Germany are set to move past the long-running difficulties over FCAS, their joint fighter jet project, and inject fresh momentum into other areas of bilateral defense cooperation when their leaders meet near Cologne on Friday.
The two countries will use the annual Franco-German government consultations to strengthen collaboration on several strategic fronts, including closer coordination on nuclear deterrence — an area where both nations see growing urgency amid shifting European security dynamics.
After one-on-one discussions on Thursday evening in the town of Bruehl, French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz will chair Friday’s annual meeting, held this time near Cologne.
There will also be a Franco-German Defense and Security Council at the Noervenich Luftwaffe air base, symbolically underlining the need for European rearmament to ward off the threat from Russia and compensate for waning US commitment.
Two French Rafale jets — which can carry nuclear weapons — were deployed on Thursday to the same airbase, with a German Eurofighter plane being refueled mid-air by a French aircraft, a Luftwaffe spokesman told AFP.
The French presidency says it wants Friday’s talks to advance “concrete” projects in order to “bounce back” from last month’s implosion of the joint Future Combat Air System (FCAS) fighter jet project.
Macron said on Monday he “deeply regretted” the failure of FCAS, which fell victim to bickering between Airbus, which represented Germany and Spain, and France’s Dassault.
The German government has insisted that, even though the jet has been abandoned, the “core” of the FCAS project will continue: developing an integrated digital “nervous system” to link jets to drones, sensors, and other technologies.
There are also fears for another joint project, the Main Ground Combat System (MGCS), which aims to replace battle tanks currently used by France and Germany.
MGCS has also been buffeted by internal tensions since Germany’s Rheinmetall entered the project, with disagreements over the vehicle’s concept.
Air defense has been another bone of contention, with Germany pushing its European Sky Shield Initiative (ESSI), which relies heavily on the American Patriot and the Israeli‑American Arrow‑3 systems.
France has refused to take part in this project, arguing that it would increase Europe’s dependence on the US and that the continent should instead seek to boost its own defense industry.
The “disappointment” of French political leaders over ESSI and Germany’s earlier purchase of American F‑35 aircraft “turned to anger” over the FCAS debacle, said Jacob Ross, an expert in Franco-German relations, in a recent article.
Merz’s stated ambition to give Germany the “strongest conventional army in Europe” has been welcomed by Berlin’s partners despite the shadow cast by Germany’s Nazi and militarist past.
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Regardless, there are worries in France — the world’s second-largest arms exporter — over fresh competition from German industry boosted by a borrowing splurge.
There are also doubts over whether Berlin shares Paris’s vision of greater European sovereignty.
“The project of having more strategic autonomy in Europe, of having a stronger Europe within a stronger NATO, can’t exist without Germany, and seeing as Germany is now going it alone, our worry is that we won’t be able to manage,” a senior French official told AFP.
Those disagreements only add to the urgency of the two allies making progress on other issues, in particular the idea of a nuclear deterrence scheme led by France.
Macron said earlier this year that Germany was one of eight countries that had agreed to participate in the project.
However, he has stressed that France — one of Western Europe’s two nuclear powers alongside the United Kingdom — will retain tight control over nuclear decision-making.
A German government source said that it was important for any French-led project to remain “complementary” to NATO and to avoid creating “different security zones” within Europe.
Friday’s meetings are expected to launch a Franco‑German “steering group” to deepen cooperation on radar systems, “deep‑strike capabilities” and missile defense.
Macron and Merz are also set to discuss European competitiveness, the EU’s budget, digital regulation and initiatives to fight disinformation.
By AFP
