Africa is no longer shaped by bases, coups, or headline-grabbing arms deliveries. Power now runs through institutions, standards, and systems of sovereignty. Some actors translate this into dependency through scale or force. India stands apart, advancing its interests most effectively when African partners retain agency. This is not soft power versus hard power, but capacity … Continue reading Partner, Not Patron: How India Is Outshining Turkey & Even China In Africa By Building Sovereignty, Not Dependence: OPED